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90 Degree Elbow Properties and Uses

Properties and Uses of 90 Degree Elbow

Today, let's delve into the properties and applications of a 90-degree elbow. Understanding these aspects will ensure superior performance and precision in your projects.

Table of Contents

  • Properties and Uses of 90 Degree Elbow
  • Specifications of 90 Degree Elbow
  • Dimensions and Size Chart for SS 90 Degree Elbow
  • Weight Chart for Aluminum 90 Degree Elbow
  • Materials Used for 90 Degree Elbow
  • Pressure Ratings of Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbow
  • Dimensional Tolerance of Copper 90 Degree Elbow
  • Angularity Tolerances for 90 Degree Elbow
  • Chemical and Mechanical Properties of 4-inch 90 Degree Elbow
  • Types of 90° Elbows
  • Size Chart for SS 90 Degree Elbow
  • Advantages of 90 Degree Elbow

Properties and Uses of 90 Degree Elbow

90 Degree Elbow

Properties:

  • Bends the flow by 90 degrees
  • Changes the direction of fluid flow at right angles
  • Available in various sizes to match different pipe diameters and flow rates
  • Pressure ratings vary based on material and design
  • End types include threaded, welded, or flanged options
  • Radius options: long radius or short radius

Applications:

Used to redirect pipeline directions

Helps manage the flow of liquids and gases

  • Petroleum refineries
  • Chemical industries
  • Plumbing systems
  • Power generation plants
  • HVAC systems
90 Degree Elbow Uses

90 Degree Elbow Manufacturing Standards

The ASME B16.9 standard is set by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. It governs industrial buttweld fittings, specifying pressure ratings, size, material, marking, dimensions, surface finishes, fabrication methods, testing, and tolerances.

Specifications of 90 Degree Elbow

Size Range of 90 Degree Elbow
  • 1/2" to 48"
Standards
  • ASTM A234
  • MSS SP-75
  • ASTM A403
Manufacturing Standards
  • ASME B16.9
  • DIN2615
  • JIS B2312
Thickness of Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbow
  • SCH 10
  • SCH 40
  • SCH 80
Coatings for 4 Inch 90 Degree Elbow
  • Black Painted
  • Epoxy Coated
  • Galvanized
  • Varnished
Type of Aluminum 90 Degree Elbow
  • Welded
  • Seamless
  • Fabricated
Radius of Copper 90 Degree Elbow
  • 1D
  • 2D
  • 3D
  • 5D
  • 6D
  • 8D
  • 10D

Reference Dimensions and Sizes for Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbow

These elbows can be produced in various grades of stainless steel, especially grades 304 and 316. They offer excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, durability, aesthetic appeal, and minimal maintenance needs.

Below are some of the common sizes and dimensions of SS 90 degree elbows.

SS 90 Degree Elbow Dimensions and Size Chart

SS 90 Degree Elbow

Inch D 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 3 1/2 4 5
ND 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125
MM 21,34 26,67 33,40 42,16 48,26 60,32 73,02 88,90 101,60 114,30 141,30
Center to Center O 76,20 57,15 76,20 95,25 114,30 152,40 190,50 228,60 266,70 304,80 381,00
Radius A 38,10 28,57 38,10 47,60 57,15 76,20 95,25 114,30 133,35 152,40 190,50
Back to Face K 47,62 42,86 55,56 69,85 82,55 106,40 131,80 158,75 184,15 209,55 261,90
Center to End B 15,87 11,11 22,22 25,40 28,57 34,92 44,45 50,80 57,15 63,50 79,38
Inch 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 28
ND 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 700
MM 168,27 219,07 273,05 323,85 355,60 406,40 457,20 508,00 558,80 609,60 711,20
Center to Center 457,20 609,60 762,00 914,40 1066,80 1219,20 1371,60 1524,00 1676,40 1828,80 2133,60
Radius 228,60 304,80 381,00 457,20 533,40 609,60 685,80 762,00 838,20 914,40 1066,80
Back to Face 312,70 414,30 517,50 619,10 711,20 812,80 914,40 1016,00 1117,60 1219,20 1422,40
Center to End 95,25 127,00 158,75 190,50 222,25 254,00 285,74 317,50 342,90 381,00 441,90

Explore standards and weight chart of copper 90 degree elbow

Copper 90 degree elbows are versatile plumbing components designed for various piping and plumbing applications. They feature a 90-degree bend with long radius, providing smooth and seamless transitions in copper pipe installations.

The inherent properties of copper, such as its excellent corrosion resistance, ensure smooth water flow with minimal obstructions from rust. This makes it ideal for water distribution systems.

Aluminum 90 Degree Elbow Weight Chart

NPS (Inch)     1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 5
LR 90 Deg Elbow Sch. 5S 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.4 2.9
Sch. 10S 0.06 0.07 0.15 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.85 1.3 2 3.6
Sch. 40S 0.08 0.09 0.18 0.25 0.4 0.7 1.35 2 4 6.5
Sch. 80S 0.1 0.11 0.2 0.35 0.5 0.9 1.8 2.9 5.9 9.7
SR 90 Deg Elbow Sch. 5S 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.95
Sch. 10S 0.04 0.05 0.1 0.13 0.2 0.33 0.6 0.9 1.35 2.4
Sch. 40S 0.05 0.06 0.12 0.17 0.27 0.47 0.9 1.35 2.65 4.35
Sch. 80S 0.07 0.07 0.13 0.12 0.33 0.6 1.2 1.9 3.9 6.5
NPS (Inch)     6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24
LR 90 Deg Elbow Sch. 5S 4 7.4 13.6 23.4 29 41.3 51.8 73 122
Sch. 10S 5 10 16.8 27 35 47 59 85 140
Sch. 40S 10.5 21.5 38.5 59 70 95 120 146 210
Sch. 80S 16 33.5 52.5 79 94 125 158 194 282
SR 90 Deg Elbow Sch. 5S 2.7 4.9 9.1 15.6 19.3 27.5 34.5 49 82
Sch. 10S 3.35 6.7 11.2 18 23.5 31.5 39.5 57 94
Sch. 40S 7 14.5 25.6 39.5 47 63.5 80 98 140
Sch. 80S 10.5 22.5 35 53 63 84 105 129 188
90 degree pipe elbows are available in different materials like Stainless steel, Carbon steel, and Nickel alloys

Selecting the right material for a 90 degree pipe elbow is crucial because using the wrong material can lead to issues like erosion. Using a material not suited for the application can cause problems over time.

90 Deg Elbow Materials

Material Grades Characteristics
Stainless Steel 90 deg elbow
  • 316/316L
  • ASTM A270
  • ASTM A403 WP 304/304L
  • Higher strength
  • Higher corrosion resistance
Carbon Steel 90 degree elbow
  • ASTM A420 WPL6
  • MSS-SP-75 WPHY 46
  • MSS-SP-75 WPHY 42
  • MSS-SP-75 WPHY 52, 56, 60, 65 and 70
  • High strength
  • High hardness
  • Lower plasticity
Alloy Steel
  • ASTM A234 WP1
  • WP5
  • WP9
  • WP11
  • WP22
  • WP91
  • High Temperature
Duplex / Super Duplex
  • A815 UNS S31803
  • UNS S32750
  • UNS S32760
  • Stress corrosion resistance
  • Excellent impact toughness
Nickel Alloy
  • UNS 8020
  • UNS 8825
  • UNS 10276
  • UNS 2201
  • UNS 6601
  • ASME SB 336 UNS 2200
  • UNS 4400
  • UNS 6600
  • UNS 6625
  • High creep strength
  • Low vapor
  • Magnetic
View pressure rating and tolerance chart of ASME B16.9 90 deg elbow

Selecting the appropriate pressure rating and tolerance ensures that the application operates safely without leaks or damage. Below is a pressure rating and tolerance chart for two different materials, which can help prevent failures.

Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbow Pressure Rating

Temperature Ratings (oF) -20 to 150 500 250 200 300 400 350 450 550
(oC) -29 to 66 260 121 93 149 204 177 232 288
Pressure Class 150 300 – 225 265 185 – 150 – –
300 1/4 – 1 inch. 2000 510 1575 1785 1360 935 1150 725 300
1 1/4 – 2 inch. 1500 450 1200 1350 1050 750 900 600 300
2 1/2 – 3 inch. 1000 385 825 910 735 560 650 475 300

Copper 90 Degree Elbow Dimensional Tolerance

Nominal Pipe Size OD At Bevel (D) ID at End Center to End LR (A/B) Center to End 3D (A/B) Nominal Pipe Size OD At Bevel (D) ID at End Center to End LR (A/B) Center to End 3D (A/B) Wall Thickness (t)
1/2 to 2.1/2 1.6 -0.8 0.8 2 3 10 to 18 4 -3.2 3.2 2 3 Not less than 87.5% of Nominal Wall Thickness
3 to 3.1/2 1.6 1.6 2 3 20 to 24 6.4 -4.8 4.8 2 3
4 1.6 1.6 2 3 26 to 30 6.4 -4.8 6.4 -4.8 3 6
5 to 8 2.4 -1.6 1.6 2 3 32 to 48 6.4 -4.8 6.4 -4.8 5 6

90 Degree Elbow Angularity Tolerances

ND 1/2 a 4 5 a 8 10 a 12 14 a 16 18 a 24 26 a 30 32 a 42 44 a 48
Max off plane P 2 4 5 7 10 10 13 20
Max off angle Q 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 5

Chemical and Mechanical Properties of 4-inch 90 Degree Elbow

Materials Chemical Properties Mechanical Properties
Stainless Steel
  • Excellent corrosion resistance
  • Suitable for acidic and alkaline environments
  • High tensile strength (SS 304: 70-90 MPa)
  • High ductility and impact resistance
  • Temperature: up to 870°C
Carbon Steel
  • Rust and corrosion-prone if improperly coated
  • Strong chemical resistance, though not as strong as SS
  • Unsuitable without protective coatings for extremely acidic or alkaline conditions
  • Moderate tensile strength (250 – 600 MPa)
  • Temperature: up to 500°C
PVC
  • Excellent resistance to many acids, alkalis, and salts
  • Poor resistance to organic solvents
  • Lightweight and resistant to moisture
  • Tensile strength: 40-60 MPa
  • Temperature: 60-70°C
CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride)
  • Better resistance to high temperatures and chemicals compared to PVC
  • Good impact resistance
  • Maximum temperature: 90-100°C

Types of 90° Elbows

90 Degree Short Radius Elbow

Short Radius 90° Elbows (SR)

  • Center-to-Face dimension
  • 1.0 x Diameter
  • Used in tight spaces where clearance is limitedSolid Epoxy Resin

    Solid Epoxy Resin,Solids Epoxy Cyd-011,Epoxy Resin Cyd-014U,Sinopec Solid Epoxy Resin

    Saint Petrochemicals Limited , https://www.saintpec.com

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