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Biocatalysis has unique advantages As a representative of biocatalysts, enzymes have a high degree of selectivity, which is crucial for producers of intermediates or active ingredients. At the same time, biocatalysis provides a new method for the reverse synthesis of complex organic molecules and complements pure chemistry methods. Moreover, the enzyme also provides a high degree of chemical selectivity, interesting selectivity and stereoselectivity, the product yield is high. Generally speaking, the maximum yield of racemic technology can reach 50% after using biocatalyst, and the maximum yield of asymmetric technology is up to 100%.
The use of enzymes can also greatly increase the safety and environmental protection of the production process. For example, in the case of biodegradable catalysts, the bioconversion process is relatively gentle, minimizing the possibility of out-of-control reactions and reducing the health risks to workers.
Although the price is higher, the enzyme has its own unique advantages. In the past 10 years, biocatalysts have received significant attention due to the development of now widely used molecular biotechnology tools and high-throughput screening technologies. The German specialty chemicals manufacturer Evonik (formerly Degussa) expects this trend to continue, and the biocatalyst will have the same share of racemic technology and asymmetric homogeneous catalysts in the chiral fine chemical market. .
Leading the Industry Giants Based on these advantages, biocatalysts will become the new darling of the industry's manufacturers, and the giants are also rushing to act as pioneers in the development of new products.
Evonik company has strong technical strength in the field of biocatalyst. Since its predecessor, Degussa first developed the application of enzyme technology, the traditional chemical engineering technology combined with biotechnology has been in the company for more than 30 years. history. According to Wolfgang Vennard, director of the Industrial Research Center for Biocatalysis and Homogeneous Catalysts, biocatalysis has become an important technology for producers of complex organic molecules. The company is currently developing its own enzyme-catalyzed technology for the production of chiral molecules. The development and application of enzyme technology in the production of chiral molecules can exploit its own chiral characteristics to develop efficient biocatalysts.
The Swiss life sciences company Lonza also has a strong ability to develop biocatalytic enzyme technology. Over the past 25 years, the company has developed 50 different bioconversion processes. The company has its own enzyme products for industrial biotransformation and biocatalysts. In addition to producing hydrolases, Lonca also has a series of nitrile conversion and oxidoreductases. Another area of ​​research is transferases. The development goal of Lonca is to develop as many enzymes as possible for its synthetic chemical business. The company has a lot of small-scale cooperation with other companies and universities, and together carry out the feasibility study of biotransformation of patented technologies and production processes.
Innovative companies are the main force in the small molecule pharmaceutical and chemical industry and many innovative companies in the field of fine chemicals. They are the new force in the field of biocatalysis. Researches in the fields of oxidoreductase, enzyme-catalyzed carbon-carbon bond formation, and enzyme-catalyzed carbon-nitrogen bond formation are active. At the same time, glycosyltransferases and aminotransferases are also targets for innovative companies. In addition, in the field of biocatalysts, there is still a need to develop more active hydrolases, and the market also expects more matrix or more selective enzymes to appear.
The world's leading biocatalyst manufacturers for the commercial production of fine chemicals, in addition to the profit company and Swiss Lonca company, also include the Dutch company DSM (DSM) and Indian pharmaceutical company Nicholas Piramard. The company (Nicholas Piramal), Japan's Daicel Chemical Industries and Kaneka. These large biocatalyst companies are also developing new enzyme production technologies.
Evonik and other larger biocatalyst companies can cover the entire value chain from enzyme discovery, enzyme optimization, fermentation, biotransformation process development to final industrial production applications. Other companies that focus on technology development, such as Cadkos, are also actively developing enzyme technology. However, their business model may change in the future.
According to an authoritative forecast, by 2010, the share of biotechnology in the global fine chemical industry will jump from the current 15% to 60%, and the growth rate is very alarming. Compared with the traditional chemical routes for synthesizing chiral molecules, biocatalysis has been more and more widely used due to its advantages of high reaction efficiency, high product purity, and low production cost. Market analysts believe that the share of biotechnology in the field of organic fine chemical synthesis will grow disproportionately, and is expected to completely replace the traditional synthetic production process, and ultimately become the most important technology.