Biodegradable plastic project has become the focus of the "Eleventh Five-Year" national research

In a recent update from the Materials Division of the High-tech Division under the Ministry of Science and Technology, it was revealed that "Key Technologies for the Industrialization of Biodegradable Plastics" has been officially designated as a priority project under the National Science and Technology Support Plan for the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period. The government has allocated 30 million yuan to support research institutions in advancing this critical technology. As part of the initiative, the project is expected to file between 5 to 8 international patents within three years and apply for 12 to 16 Chinese invention patents. Biodegradable plastics are produced using biotechnology from biomass-based resins, making them an eco-friendly alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics. These materials can fully degrade into carbon dioxide and water, significantly reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Industry experts emphasize that the importance of biodegradable plastics surpasses that of biofuels or biodiesel, highlighting their potential to revolutionize material science and environmental sustainability. According to reports, the national projects will focus on the industrial-scale production of several key biodegradable plastic types, including 10,000-ton CO₂-based plastics, 10,000-ton polylactic acid (PLA), and 10,000-ton polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). Additionally, the development of 10,000-ton konjac glucomannan and its application in biodegradable food packaging will be prioritized. The project also includes the evaluation of medical-grade biodegradable plastics and the development of specialized medical products. The overall objective is to establish continuous industrial production technologies for three major types of biodegradable plastics—CO₂-based plastics, PLA, and polyhydroxybutyrate—with varying temperature resistance properties. This includes setting up demonstration production lines and developing comprehensive process packages. Researchers will also focus on improving the thermal and mechanical properties of these materials, creating specialized preparation techniques, and conducting in-depth studies on safety and lifecycle assessments for medical and food packaging applications. The ultimate goal is to promote the establishment of national standards and accelerate large-scale commercial use of biodegradable plastic products. It is worth noting that several leading institutions, such as the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, the Institute of Chemistry at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Nanjing University, Fudan University, and Zhejiang University, have made significant progress in biomass plastic research and achieved industrial breakthroughs. However, high production costs remain a major challenge in the industry. Experts suggest that future efforts should focus on two main strategies: lowering the cost of biomass raw materials and reducing expenses through advanced biochemical technologies. These areas will be central to future scientific research and development in the field.

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