Biodegradable plastic project has become the focus of the "Eleventh Five-Year" national research

In a recent update from the Materials Division of the High-tech Division under the Ministry of Science and Technology, it was revealed that "Key technologies for the industrialization of biodegradable plastics" have been officially included as a major project under the National Science and Technology Support Plan during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period. The government has allocated 30 million yuan to support research institutions in developing this critical technology. As part of the initiative, the project is expected to file 5 to 8 international patents within three years and submit 12 to 16 Chinese invention patent applications. Biodegradable plastics are advanced materials derived from biomass using biotechnology. These eco-friendly polymers can fully decompose into carbon dioxide and water, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics. By replacing conventional plastics, they help reduce reliance on fossil fuels. Experts highlight that the significance of biodegradable plastics may even surpass that of biofuels or biodiesel, given their broader environmental benefits and long-term sustainability potential. According to the report, the national project aims to advance the industrialization of biodegradable plastics by completing large-scale production of several key materials, including 10,000-ton CO₂-based plastics, 10,000-ton polylactic acid (PLA), and 10,000-ton polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). Additionally, the project will focus on the development and application of biodegradable plastics for food packaging, medical evaluations, and the creation of specialized biodegradable plastic materials. The ultimate goal is to develop continuous industrial production technologies for three main types of biodegradable plastics—CO₂-based, PLA, and polyhydroxybutyrate—with varying temperature resistance properties. This includes establishing demonstration production lines, forming complete process packages, and improving thermal and mechanical performance. Through systematic research on the safety and life cycle of biodegradable plastics, the project also aims to establish an evaluation system and promote the development of national standards. This will accelerate the widespread adoption of biodegradable plastic products across various industries. It is noted that several leading institutions, such as the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, the Institute of Chemistry at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, as well as Nanjing University, Fudan University, and Zhejiang University, have made significant progress in biomass plastic research and achieved industrial breakthroughs. However, high production costs remain a major challenge in the industry. Experts suggest that reducing costs can be achieved through two main strategies: lowering the cost of biomass raw materials and utilizing advanced biochemical technologies. These areas will be key focuses for future scientific research and development efforts.

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