I understand the mining process of open pit mines

The loading operation is to use the loading machinery to excavate the ore directly from the underground or the explosion, and load it into the compartment of the transportation machinery or directly to the designated place. It is the central link of the open-pit mining process, and other production processes such as wearing and blasting, transportation, etc. are all for the purpose of loading and unloading.

First, the loading operation

1, mining equipment

Open pit mining equipment mainly includes: excavators, bucket shovel, hydraulic shovel and tire type front loading machine.

2. Safety requirements for mining operations

(1) When two or more excavators work on the same platform, a certain safety distance should be maintained between the excavators. When using automobile transportation, the distance shall not be less than 3 times of the maximum digging radius and shall not be less than 50m; when transported by electric motor vehicle, it shall not be less than the length of two trains.

(2) The excavator working at the same time in two adjacent stages must be staggered by a certain distance in the direction of the stage. In the upper stage, the excavator for the auxiliary work of the edge belt must advance the distance of the excavator with the maximum digging radius of 3 times. And must not be less than 50m.

(3) Excavator walking should comply with the following regulations:

(4) When excavating work, the following regulations shall be strictly observed:

(5) When the bulldozer is working, the following rules should be observed:

Second, transportation operations

In the open-pit mining process, the capital construction investment of mine transportation accounts for about 60% of the total investment in mine infrastructure. The transportation cost and labor volume account for more than half of the total ore cost and total labor, respectively. An important position in mining.

1, transportation mode

Open pit and medium-sized metal and non-metallic mineral mode of transport used mainly include the following:

Third, mining and transportation

The installation and transportation are inseparable, and the two influence each other and restrict each other.

1. Selection of excavators

The selection of the single bucket excavator should be determined according to the scale of the mine, the total amount of mining and stripping of the rock, the mining process, the physical and mechanical properties of the rock, and the supply of equipment.

2. Selection of dump trucks

3. Reasonable ratio of mining and transportation equipment

At present, the development trend of the loading and transportation process is mainly reflected in the large-scale production and transportation equipment, the integration and continuity of the loading and transportation links, and computer automation.

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