Insulation materials, ground source heat pump system - a new building energy efficiency facilities
With growing awareness of environmental protection, many real estate developers are incorporating advanced energy-efficient technologies into residential buildings to promote green construction and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. In Beijing, for example, high-end buildings often feature systems like fresh air exchange units, low-E glass, and ground-source heat pumps. But what exactly do these technologies do? Can regular homeowners also benefit from them?
A fresh air exchange system ensures that indoor air remains clean without the need to open windows. These systems allow for continuous ventilation, maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature while reducing the need for air conditioning. According to Zhang Zedong from Feng Shang International Real Estate Development Company, the system works by exchanging heat between incoming and outgoing air. The outgoing air is cooled slightly—typically 2-3°C below room temperature—while the incoming air is pre-heated, improving energy efficiency.
Sun Ke Fang, deputy chief engineer at the Ministry of Construction's Center for Housing Industrialization, notes that ordinary homeowners can install such systems themselves, but two key factors should be considered. First, there needs to be enough ceiling space to accommodate the ductwork, which typically requires about 20–30 cm of clearance. Second, an external air vent must be available.
The cost of installing a fresh air system in a 100-square-meter home is generally around 10,000 yuan. This makes it a feasible option for many households looking to improve indoor air quality and energy efficiency.
Low-E glass, or low-emissivity glass, is another energy-saving innovation. Its special coating reduces heat transfer, helping to keep homes warmer in winter and cooler in summer. During colder months, it reflects heat back into the room, minimizing heat loss. In the summer, it blocks solar heat from entering, lowering cooling costs.
Additionally, using Low-E glass helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with heating, contributing to environmental protection. For homeowners with traditional glass, two options are available: applying energy-saving window films or replacing the glass entirely with Low-E versions. Window films are more affordable, costing around 100–300 yuan per square meter, while full replacement is pricier, ranging from 700–1000 yuan per square meter.
Another innovative technology is the ground-source heat pump system. Unlike conventional heating and cooling systems, it uses the earth’s stable temperature to regulate indoor climate. In winter, it extracts heat from the ground to warm the home, and in summer, it transfers excess heat back into the soil. This process involves deep underground piping, typically over 100 meters deep.
According to Professor Wu Yuting from Beijing University of Technology, although this system is highly efficient and environmentally friendly, it is not practical for most homeowners to install on their own. Developers would need to conduct extensive site assessments and installations, making it a large-scale project. However, its long-term benefits—zero carbon emissions and reduced reliance on fossil fuels—make it a promising solution for sustainable living.
For those interested in adopting green technologies, starting with smaller, more affordable upgrades like fresh air systems or Low-E glass can make a significant difference. As awareness grows, more people may follow suit, paving the way for a greener future.
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