The tool changes the process to a certain extent, as a tool for the needle thread brain. If we understand its performance and use it correctly, and then improve the machining process to improve the processing efficiency, it can bring huge profits to the company. Due to the hard and brittle nature of cast iron parts, it is more expensive than ordinary steel parts. With the advancement of cutting technology and the development of tool materials, how to select the tool material becomes one of the considerations for machining technicians. MOOKTOOL tool engineers are Combine experience in processing of cast iron parts industry, sum up experience from high-speed cutting and high-hardness cutting tools, and introduce new ideas -

Cast iron parts include grey cast iron, ductile cast iron, vermicular cast iron, white cast iron and various alloy cast irons; according to cutting processability, grey cast iron, pearlite ductile cast iron and some alloy cast iron are free-cutting materials; Cast iron, white cast iron and high-alloy wear-resistant cast iron (such as high-nickel-chromium alloy cast iron with a hardness of HRC60) are hard-to-cut materials.

Grey cast iron has always been one of the main raw materials for the automotive industry. It is used to make various components including engine blocks, cylinder heads, differentials, shafts, flywheels, brake drums, and brake discs. The absolute amount of gray cast iron in the automotive industry is surprisingly large. MOOKTOOL Cubic Boron Nitride tool is undoubtedly the most successful in the application of gray cast iron processing. In addition, the cubic boron nitride tool has been proven to be an efficient and low-cost cutting tool in the processing of high hardness cast iron parts such as chilled cast iron, wear-resistant alloy cast iron, and white cast iron. However, due to the affinity of cubic boron nitride tools and free ferrite in the processing of nodular cast iron and vermicular cast iron, further research is still needed. For the processing of high-strength ductile iron, MOOKTOOL introduced CBN, compared with ordinary alloy cutting tools. With amazing tool life, the cost of cutting the tool evenly to each machining part is greatly reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved several times.

First, gray cast iron processing tool material

Although the application of nodular cast iron and vermicular cast iron is increasing, the application of grey cast iron is still strong. In the automotive industry, it will also continue to retain a large number of gray cast iron processing (especially brake drums and brake discs). However, the processing conditions today are different from those in the past. Due to the use of CBN tools, the cutting speed has increased by approximately 335 m/min compared to 10 years ago. The higher temperatures produced by high speed cutting may dissolve the coated carbide of the cutting insert in much the same way as the chemical reaction between the cubic boron nitride cutting tool and ferrite. Cast iron workpieces are hard and brittle. When turning cast iron workpieces, CNC blades need to withstand higher cutting heat and cutting forces. At present, the numerically controlled blades for turning cast iron workpieces are mostly carbide coated blades, and the coating thickness is generally 8 micrometers. 20-micron, coated CNC blades exposed the coating after fracture due to casting defects, revealing the alloy body, resulting in a low durability of coated carbide CNC blades turning cast iron workpieces.

Cubic boron nitride tools specifically designed for the high-speed machining of gray cast iron (cutting speeds up to 550 m/min) have been put on the market. These CBN tools for high-speed cutting allow the tool to maintain high wear resistance for a long time to increase productivity. In the machining test of rough-cast grey cast iron brake disc parts using the new CBN cubic boron nitride tool (cutting speed range: 400-1658m/min), the tool life is doubled compared to the use of silicon nitride ceramic blades. Productivity increased by 20-200%. This increase in productivity is due to the better cutting edge toughness of the MOOKCBN Cubic Boron Nitride tool, which enables it to adopt higher feed rates than ceramic inserts.

Second, ductile iron and vermicular cast iron machining tools

Although polycrystalline cubic boron nitride tools have proven to be a superior cutting tool material, virtually unlimited tool life can be achieved when cutting grey cast iron. Unfortunately, when machining cubic ductile cast iron and vermicular cast iron with cubic boron nitride tools, they are affected by chemical dissolution. In these processes, the tool material interacts with the higher iron content in cast iron, which can cause rapid tool wear. This problem has driven the need to develop a tool grade that resists chemical action. CBN was developed based on the above ductile iron machining mechanism. It is commonly used in pearlite ductile iron high-speed cutting, such as QT500, QT600, QT700, QT800, QT900 and other high-strength ductile iron in the rough finishing.

In order to process these new types of cast iron materials, it is required that the tools not only improve the wear resistance but also have very good toughness, and these two properties are difficult to achieve at the same time. In response to this challenge, many tool manufacturers are working hard to develop tools that provide the best combination of these two properties.

Third, Aobei ductile iron and white cast iron and other high hardness wear-resistant cast iron machining tools

Aobei Ductile Iron is a new type of wear-resistant alloy cast iron. Now the high-grade normalized QT800-6 and QT900-6, austempered ductile cast iron ADI are truly "Ginseng Iron"! White cast iron China made white cast iron with good abrasion resistance as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, used as some anti-wear parts. This kind of cast iron has the characteristics of high carbon and low silicon, high hardness, but it is very brittle. The most widely used is high chromium white cast iron with chromium content of 12% to 20%, which is formed in the structure (cr, Fe ) Carbide of 7C3. Abbott's CBN tools for ductile iron and white cast iron have been proven to be reliable machining tools. White cast iron also contains high-chromium white cast iron (referred to as high-chromium cast iron), medium-chrome, low-chromium white cast iron, also includes the common ordinary cast iron containing white mouth phenomenon, MOOKTOOL as a leader in the ultra-hard tool industry, cast iron material The research on machining and tool materials has been a long way ahead, with the introduction of non-metallic binder CBN tool materials (MOOKCBN tools) with a balanced wear. Commonly used in the field of high-alloy cast iron processing, such as high-chromium alloy cast iron, high nickel-chromium chilled cast iron, ductile iron after isothermal quenching, high-silicon chromium molybdenum alloy cast iron and other materials.

The overall cubic boron nitride blade intermittent turning slurry pump parts as an example: The overall CBN blade turning slurry pump impeller outer circle, because the impeller has 5 blades, it is interrupted cutting. The blade cutting parameters were: vc = 75m/min, ap = 5mm, f = 0.1mm/r. During the cutting process, the impeller is subjected to 5 impacts per revolution of the impeller, and one blade at a time passes more than 3,000 impacts. The cutting results showed that no cutting fracture occurred after one workpiece was cut, and one blade was equivalent to 25 ceramic blades, fully demonstrating its heat and impact resistance performance, which not only greatly reduced the cost of tool use, but also improved the production efficiency by 5 times. . Using cubic boron nitride blade fine car hole, hole depth 80mm, cutting parameters: vc = 100m/min, ap = 1mm, f = 0.5mm/r. The inner hole was finished with a finisher, and the measured dimensions at both ends were the same and there was no retracting phenomenon. MOOKCBN has good wear resistance, and the consistency of the dimensions of the machined parts is guaranteed; while the ceramic cutter finisher needs 3 to 4 knives to complete, and the blade edge wears faster during cutting, resulting in an increase in cutting resistance, resulting in a retracting phenomenon, and severely affecting. The quality of the machined surface. It can be seen that in the rough machining of high hardness castings, ceramic cutting tools have lost their advantages.

With the increasingly fierce competition in the machinery industry, how to improve the machining process and improve the machining efficiency and reduce the overall cost by properly selecting the machining tool materials has become a consideration issue for machining technologists. As a tool for the needle thread brain, if we understand their performance and make the right choices, it can bring a lot of profits to the company.

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