From Phil Stenholm: Another installment about the History of Evanston Fire Department. In the Chicago area, fire departments that already provided ambulance services were the first to adopt paramedics. The Niles Fire Department started its program in 1973, and Skokie followed in 1975 with advanced life support (ALS) units. The Chicago Fire Department (CFD) added its first two paramedic-staffed ambulances in July 1974, replacing older models with more advanced equipment. Evanston took a different approach. In June 1974, the city borrowed a mobile intensive care unit (MICU) from the State of Illinois to test its effectiveness. It was a modular ambulance, meaning it had a cab and chassis with a removable box. Squad 21 used it as Ambulance 1, responding to inhalator calls and ambulance runs across the city. An engine company was sent as a backup for calls outside Station #1's area. Three police station-wagons were still in use for ambulance services, and they could step in if the MICU was unavailable. However, these vehicles weren’t always available, especially during the day. Firefighters had their own station wagons, but they were mostly used for administrative tasks and only staffed at night or on weekends. Mayor Jim Staples proposed that the police department handle the paramedics instead of the fire department, wanting 24/7 coverage like police patrol cars. But Police Chief William McHugh strongly opposed the idea, arguing that the department was already stretched thin with rising crime and gang activity. After some discussion, the City Council approved the plan, and the fire department took over the EMS program. Seven EFD firefighters were trained as paramedics at St. Francis Hospital in 1975. Though the fire department hadn’t been the main provider of ambulance services, they had experience saving lives through inhalator calls since 1913. Besides the EMS changes, the EFD was also upgrading its equipment. In 1973, the city purchased a new 1,000-GPM pumper with a 300-gallon tank. The Howe bid won, and the pumper arrived in 1974. A second one was ordered in 1974, again from Howe, to replace older Seagrave pumpers. Chief Beattie made several design changes: safety yellow paint, rear-facing jump seats, manual sirens, and a single rear discharge port. Instead of two pre-connect lines, the new pumpers featured a top-mounted booster reel for quick access during various types of fires. This was a significant improvement over older models. The department also added a 1974 Dodge van for utility use, replacing an old pick-up truck. Painted in safety yellow, it helped mechanics respond to repairs and transport supplies during large incidents. In 1974, the EFD retired its WWII-era DUKW amphibious vehicle and a rescue trailer. A new Boston Whaler replaced the DUKW for Lake Michigan rescues, and a trailer was added to the van for easy transport. The first new Howe pumper arrived in November 1974, becoming Engine 23. The second came in May 1975 as Engine 24. The old Seagrave pumpers were either sold or put into reserve. photographer unknown 1. We support ODM & OEM.
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The idea of paramedics in civilian life began gaining traction in the late 1960s, especially in cities looking to improve emergency care for heart attack victims. A major breakthrough came in 1972 when the TV show Emergency! brought the role of paramedics into the public eye. The Los Angeles County Fire Department stood out by training firefighters as paramedics, setting a new standard for emergency response.
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9-1-1 — WHAT IS YOUR EMERGENCY?
Before 9-1-1 became a standard in the United States, people had to remember specific numbers for police, fire, or medical emergencies. The concept was first introduced in England in 1937 with the number 9-9-9, but it wasn’t until 1968 that the U.S. began considering a universal emergency number. Illinois was ahead of the curve—Chicago and Evanston were among the first two cities in the state to implement 9-1-1 service in 1974.
One key difference between Chicago and Evanston’s systems was that in Evanston, the person answering the call also handled the dispatching, while in Chicago, calls had to be transferred to a dedicated dispatcher. This made Evanston’s system more efficient and faster in responding to emergencies.
Before 9-1-1, people had to dial a seven-digit number or ask an operator to connect them. With 9-1-1, the process became simpler and more accessible. Even if someone couldn’t speak, the call could be traced and locked in. To promote awareness, Evanston placed “DIAL 9-1-1 TO REPORT AN EMERGENCY†stickers on all its police and fire vehicles in 1974.